Writing an english paper

Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Custom Essay Writing Service

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Tuesday, June 2, 2020

Miss Havishams House - Free Essay Example

A persons position in the social class hierarchy often has far-reaching effects on their health, family life, education and even on how they view themselves. In Great Expectations, Pip feels those effects to the fullest. Throughout the novel, he is being constantly reminded of how his low social status marks him as incompetent to those who belong to the higher ranks of society. Coming from a lower class background inspired Pip to go on a journey of self improvement that consequently caused him to stray from his family in order to fit in with the higher class. When Pip was invited to Miss Havishams house to play with her daughter Estella, he was exposed to the stark differences in social class. Estella was undeniably rude, calling Pip common and ridiculing him for having coarse hands and run down clothing. In that moment, Pip began to feel aware of his social status and was ashamed of it. He was so ashamed, mainly because he wanted to impress the beautiful Estella and knew that he could not do so properly due to his class. It was then that Pip set the great expectation for himself of becoming the proper gentleman he thought he needed to be in order to fit in with the members of high society and finally manage to win Estella and Miss Havisham over. When Pip was a child, he lost both his parents and was left in the care of his older sister, Mrs. Joe. Pip cared for her since she was his only family but on the other hand, he was fearful of her and often felt like he was stuck in that family. However, he still established a great reputation with her and the neighbors because she had brought me [pip] up by hand(Dickens 11). Pip also felt empathy towards his brother in law Joe as he felt that they were both trapped in a similar kind of situation by Mrs. Joe. This is why he thought so highly of Joe. Pip always treated him as a larger species of child and as no more than my equal(Dickens 13). He appreciated Joe and was very fond of him. He longed to grow up and one day work alongside Joe in his workshop. He was proud of Joe and his trade. Like any other child, Pip was innocent and good. He tried his best to follow the rules and stay out of trouble. Pips story began to take a turn for the worst when he encountered a convict when visiting his parents grave. He was forced to comply with the convicts demands which required him to steal food and a file from his sister. This was the first crack in Pips innocence as he was forced to both lie and steal from his family. He didnt care that they were poor and belonged to a low social class. In fact, he never truly realized what his social class was nor its importance until he was invited to Miss Havishams house to play with her daughter Estella. From that moment on, Pips life was changed. He was so taken aback from Estellas beauty that he longed to conquer her. He was willing to do anything it took to win her heart. He quickly realized that his social class was one of the biggest obstacles in his way as there was absolutely no way that Miss. Havisham would approve of their relationship if Pip wasnt a gentleman. Pip begins to grow apart from his family, confiding in Biddy instead of Joe. Pips obsession with climbing the social ladder and his sudden inheritance of a fortune makes him arrogant and rude, especially to the people in his childhood. He is suddenly ashamed of Joe, the person who showed him compassion and love from the beginning. He is embarrassed of his trade, something that he so desperately wanted to learn when he was younger. He believed that any sort of tie to Joe or his past would soil the persona of a suave gentleman that he was so desperately trying to build in order to woo Estella and gain Miss Havishams approval. He was so caught up in this that he didnt see how much he had changed for the worst. The themes of ambition and social advancement are one of the most central aspects in Great Expectations. In his novel, Dickens struggles to fully express to what extent a person is capable of deciding their own fate. Dickens represents this struggle through Pip, who is searching for his own identity and where he fit in the social hierarchy. Pips determination to embark on his self-improvement journey is spurred by his treatment by Miss Havisham and Estella. He so desperately wants both of them to accept him that he is willing to do anything, which is dangerous. He attempts to take his destiny into his own hands. He no longer wants to be an apprentice in Joes workshop as was expected. Instead, he set out to become a gentleman. Pips obsession with social ambition causes him to lose his innocence and he becomes detached from his natural, sympathetic, kind nature. He strays further and further from the scared, innocent little boy he was in the beginning of the novel. He morphs into an arrogant adolescent, driven almost insanely by the desire to be more than he was made out to be, to one day beat societys expectations of him and fulfill his own great expectations for what he wants to be. Pip is in a way controlled by this obsession in an external manner. Therefore, has more power to think independently and form his own new identity of being a gentleman. This is what allowed him to redeem himself at the end, once he was able to separate his fantasy from reality. Pip, throughout his life was enraged by the behavior of Mrs. Joe, by snobbishness of Estella which ultimately came to his realization to reform himself into a stronger man. He realized that the position he was in being in his sisters family, he will never be able to marry Estella, so he had great expectations to change himself and be a part of the upper class family and finally marry Estella. Waters further states Pip is desperately laying claim to a position within the discourse of middle class domesticity and assumptions in forming his representations of the family and female nature are one of the means by which he established to seek his identity.(waters154). He dreamt of living a wealthy life, dreamt of getting education abroad and most significantly thus marrying Estella, for that reason he forced himself to come out from his low class family and reforming his own self.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Influences of Civil War Technology - 1432 Words

War is something that everyone knows about. it is very prominent and chances are throughout the history of the world there is always someone effected by it during any point in time. Wars come and go leaving many good and bad things behind, whichever light it is looked at from, weaponry is always one of those things. War time is notorious for pushing technology to the edge, this including weaponry. There have been several wars that impacted future weaponry but the Civil War is on the farthest away that you can still see a prominent major impact even with modern day weaponry. The Civil war took many existing weapon technologies and improved them as well as standardizing them. Around this time period new weaponry technology were alsoÃ¢â‚¬ ¦show more contentÃ¢â‚¬ ¦Nortons original version was just a cylindrical bullet with a hollow base on one end.(historynet.com) After the original invention of Norton there were various other type of minie balls that were created to improve on the prev ious versions. The first improvement came from a man named William Greener a man from London who in 1836 created a more oval shaped bullet with a flat bottom.(Historynet.com) In 1849 two French army captains, Claude-ETienne Minie and Henri-Gustave Delvigne, created the more well know shape of the minie ball made from soft led with four rings that would work with the rifled that had a riffled barrel that they made.(Historynet.com) The name for the Minie ball comes from one of the creators of the official minie ball Claude-Etienne Minie. Lastly before its use in the civil war James Burton adapted it with a hollow base for easier use in mass production and less cost. The impact the previous versions of the minie ball had on wars prior to the Civil shows how much influence the design has. It went through many steps to become its final product during the civil war, the design was improved so much that it become one of the reasons so many people ended up being killed instead of being jus t injured. The design let the rifle be loaded much faster, shoot farther, and be more deadly.Show MoreRelatedThe Effect of Rock and Roll on American Society694 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 3 Pagesbreak out of the more conservative American mold, increased the use of technology in daily life, as well as implemented civil rights movements that bolstered minority groups and races. Rock and roll helped break many people out of the pre-war mindset and into a new, fresh one. Although many adults detested rock, the younger generation felt that it symbolized a break from the war and the Ã¢â‚¬Å"age of anxietyÃ¢â‚¬ that the previous World War had caused. In addition, it promoted a promiscuous lifestyle thatRead MoreSteam Engine1055 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 5 PagesThe Steam Engine and the Civil War Question: How did the Steam Engine influence the Civil War and America in itself? Throughout the Civil War, there were many people and inventions that positively influenced The Civil War, but none other than the steam engine. The steam engine was one of the most influential inventions of the Civil War and America in itself. Before the Steam Engine trade was limited and the American economy was doing very poorly. The causes of this were the rules of trade andRead MorePost Civil War Businesses Influenced Politics and the Economy in America724 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 3 PagesAfter the civil war, businesses began to become big, they grew significantly in size, number and mostly in influence. Different corporations and businesses grew so much that they had a big effect and so much power and control in America. the businesses began to influence the people of america, the politics and the economy in america. As these companies and businesses grew, some became really powerful which was a good and bad thing. In post-Civil War United States, big businesses and corporationsRead MoreT he Political Parties Of The United States940 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 4 Pagesstruggling and improving a countless times until now to achieve this peaceful society. For example, the World War one and two, or the Civil War which happened in many countries including the U.S. At first, people may think these fights are unnecessary because nothing can compare to a human being or an individual life, but we cannot accomplish this community without any of them. These wars gave people a definition about human perspective and helped individuals realize that they all have a differentRead MoreAmerica s Paradoxical Love Hate Relationship With War1374 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 6 Pageswith war and how this relationship influences American warfare through the research and study of the interpretation and analyzation of American military models, policy and goal changes, the use of military technology, Ã¢â‚¬Å"American way of war,Ã¢â‚¬ and the relationship with, preparation for, and application of war. In the two hundred years since 1775, there has been thirty-five years of fighting in what we consider major conflicts or wars. This averages out to about one year of war to everyRead MoreGeography : History And Geography1325 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 6 PagesWar is a timeless phenomenon that has shaped societies and cultures; war is greatly influenced by geography. History and geography are both important when considering wars; history tells what events took place, but geography tells us the why, where, and how. One can study geographyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s effects on war through geographyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s subtopics: physical, human, economic, and political geographies. For example, war strategies and methods are geography based. Physical geography studies the terrain and landformsRead MoreEssay about Comparing Billy Budd and the Life of Melville1505 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 7 Pagesparallels to the time of the Civil War and to particular individuals of Melvilles life. Important to the creation of Billy Budd were the war , current politics, slavery, and even the assassination of President Lincoln. This essay intends to identify the analogous relationship between these incidences and the particular individuals of Melvilles life that inspired him to write Billy Budd. Melville seems to have lived a life that was inevitably centered around war and politics. His grandparentsRead MoreThe Catholic Church in Developing the Identity of The Republic of Ireland1732 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 7 Pagesthrough many centuries in order to achieve a true Irish State. The Anglo-Irish War proved significant in achieving the latter goal by ridding the southern sector of Ireland from the centuries of grueling oppressive rule and discrimination under Great Britain law. However, the freedom derived hindered a power struggle plagued by a partitioned Island and continued influence of religion. Consequently, the Irish Civil war exemplifies the continuous battle of accepting a partitioned but dominantly CatholicRead MoreEssay on DEVELOPMENT OF THE U S ARMY929 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 4 Pagesin an arduous eight-year struggle against Great Britain, at times providing the lone symbol of nationhood around which patriots could rally. During the Civil War it preserved the Union through four years of biter conflict that turned brother against brother. It has repeatedly defended United States against external threats, from the quot;second war of independencequot; with Great Britain in 1812 through the crusades that finally rid the world of the specters of Nazi totalitarianism, Japanese imperialismRead MoreAmerican History: The Development of the Ironwork Industry in Alabama1088 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 5 Pagesrailroad tracks. In addition, Georgia, which is still famed for their agricultural industry though their famous peaches, supported and developed a textile industry that processed cotton and manufactured fabrics from the cotton. These industriesÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ influence encompassed a large portion of southern culture and proved that agriculture was not the only export from the south. Therefore textbook publishers should include this information as to halt the illusion that the south solely relies on slavery and

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Oskar Schindler Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Oskar Schindler Argumentative Essay Oskar Schindler was a wealthy German industrialist, who made much of his wealth by employing Jewish men and women in his various factories. In the Movie ?Schindlers List? it starts off with Schindler is a restaurant with many high ranking Nazi officers eating there. He starts off by buying a officer a bottle of expensive wine, but it does not end there. Before the night is gone he has boughten dinner for all of the officers. This is how he made friends, friends with power. At this point the War was already underway and Schindler seized an opportunity to make some money. Thinking ahead he hires a Jewish accountant that he believes is very qualified for that position. At first this accountant is careful the way he acts around Schindler because Schindler is a member of the Nazi Party and fears for his life. The point of the movie in which Schindler starts to view the Jewish people differently is when the Nazis start to flush out the ghettos. From a hilltop he watches especially a little girl walking through the streets like she is abandoned. At this time he starts to pull his favors from those officers he treated to dinner a while back. He meets Geoth, a SS officer that is known for his cruelty in the Concentration Camps. Schindler starts to gain the trust and admiration of Goeth and he takes advantage of that friendship. He tells Goeth that he will pay him a certain amount of money for each Jew to work for him. As an excuse he tells the officers that it is merely ?cheap labor? to be used in his enamelware factory. For each person on the list he has listed also their specialty. Later he starts another factory, but this time the workers make bullets and shells. Once again he uses Jews as the workers but this time he is making no profits because the shells the workers make do not work. Schindler adjusted the machines to do so. By this time the war is almost over, so Schindler took to the road like many other Nazi officials. At his departure all his workers are present and they give him a paper with all their signatures with a short letter in case he is captured by one of the allied powers. From their he starts to break down saying that he could have saved more lives by selling his car and gold Nazi pin. Soon he gets into his car and starts to journey to another place. At the very end of the movie it shows all the ?Schindler Jews? and they all place a rock on his tomb. I believe that the Holocaust should never be forgotten because it should never happen again. This story, which was first told in a book called ?Schindlers Ark?, had a great affect on me because it was so graphic and I will probably never see anything like it again for the rest of my life. For that reason it will also be a lasting one. The small girl in a red coat that Schindler was watching was only one of four places in the movie that had color. I believe that the meaning of the color was meant to show the harshness of the Nazis during the Holocaust. Near the end of the movie it shows the same girl with the colored coat laying on the wagon dead with many other people also. I think Oskar Schindler was a great hero if the movie was true, but his wife who is still alive thinks otherwise. In a interview with her she stated that her late husband really isnt all that hes cracked up to be. But the fact is that he saved many people and that alone would make someone a hero. The Schindler Jews definitely think he is a hero because after the war Schindler tried opening up other business, but they all failed miserably. He ended up going bankrupt. The Schindler Jews found out about that and invited him to Jerusalem and gave him money to help him survive. Their is also a memorial of him on a famous street in Jerusalem. .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .postImageUrl , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:hover , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:visited , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:active { border:0!important; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:active , .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub867c6b23e6fe73296033690198d98fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alexander The Great EssayI think Steven Speilbergs reasons for making the movie and the project are that he believes that no one should ever forget what happened in those concentration camps during World War 2. Together with the movie and his on going project he will make sure that it will not be forgotten.

Saturday, April 18, 2020

Interest Groups and How They Seek To Influence the Making of Public Policy

The history of American politics is a long one, composed of political representation of various interest groups, which play a key role in influencing the public policy.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Interest Groups and How They Seek To Influence the Making of Public Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More James Madison in his paper, Ã¢â‚¬ËœFederalist No. 10,Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ observed the role of interest groups. However, it is important to establish who these interest groups are, before examining their role in influencing public policy (Almold Powell, 2008). Definition Interest groups are a group of people with similar goals, who work together to advance their interests. An interest group may be formed for the purpose of a specific objective or more objectives, aimed at influencing public policy (Lasser, 2011). The main goal of an interest group is to influence the policies of the government for its cause. Mostly, the interest group works to safeguard the benefits of its members, or certain segments of the society. Most interest groups are voluntary organizations and work towards a common cause of influencing public policy. Unlike political parties, interest groups are less concerned with politics. Their main concern is lobbying on the legislature, with the goal of influencing the political process (Lasser, 2011; Almold Powell, 2008). Classification of interest groups There are many forms of interest bodies. However, the main ones can be grouped into economic organizations. The chambers of commerce, trade unions and religious organizations, are good illustrations. There are also associations of professionals. They are mainly composed of professional bodies and focus much on the welfare of the members. On the other hand, public interest groups, unlike the associations of professionals, place the interest of the general public first (Almold Powell, 2008).Advertising Looking for term pap er on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are also special interest groups, which usually focus on a specific area of interest. Although this classification of interest groups is not exhaustive, they all work towards a certain cause (Almold Powell, 2008). Various interest groups seek to influence policy in various ways, including mobilizing members of the public, educating members of the public at various levels within the society; interest groups are also known for appealing in election activities with a bid to influence electorates to support their agendas (Lasser, 2011). The relationship between interest groups and political parties Political parties and interest groups have a great relationship in the American politics. Interest groups are known for maximizing on policy, while political parties focus on maximizing their dominance in politics through winning majority votes. They both have competing inte rests which have a great implication on the policy making process. Political parties are largely concerned with drawing the support of majority voters, while the interest groups are concerned with influencing the government to legislate on policies that promote their agendas and ideologies (Almold Powell, 2008). Thus, there is a form of tension that exists between political parties and interest groups, which is usually negotiated through corporation. There exists a great difference between interest groups and political parties. Political parties on one hand have tendency to be more elastic as opposed to interest groups. On the other hand, interest groups are more certain on advancing their goals. Political parties are flexible and redefine their position with time and necessity. This is influenced by the fact that members of political parties make compromises and change their views.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Interest Groups and How They Seek To Inf luence the Making of Public Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, interest groups are controlled by their focus and objectives. This makes a clear distinction between the political parties and interest groups (Lasser, 2011). Political parties are much concerned with publicity as opposed to interest groups, which are much concerned with advancing certain agenda. Political parties are more concerned in employing conciliation and tact in cases of stress. It is clear that the society requires a peaceful political environment and thus political parties must handle their dealings with public interest at heart (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). The fact that interest groups are concerned with the interest of a specific group, does not mean that there is no room for flexibility. However, there level of flexibility in an interest group is limited to the core-objectives. An interest group must maintain its core-objective, l est it ceases to exist. Interest groups derive their identity from their values and practices as opposed to a political party (Welch Thomas, 2011). Political parties have been defined to mean organizations of persons, which are formed with the view of directing the policies of the government. Mostly, political parties are made up of persons affiliated to common objectives (Almold Powell, 2008). This explains why political parties are flexible and change from time to time, and still manage to retain their identity as political parties. Political parties are concerned with a wide range of issues, and this makes it hard for them to maintain a particular position.Advertising Looking for term paper on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This allows them to be flexible, in order for them to accommodate all their members who come from different social cultural backgrounds (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). Interest groups appreciate the importance of actual membership. Interest groups must demonstrate members and financial strength. The Congressional Club for instance, has demonstrated its ability to influence. It is known for wielding influence over elected officials as a requirement for membership (Lasser, 2011). It knows very well that when voters are acting together, they wield political power. This makes them to focus on their self interest. James Madison in his work, regarded this kind of power as the mischief of function. The funds raised by the Congressional Club supporters, have contributed to campaign and other activities of this interest group. The interest group is therefore able to influence the policies of the government, since it has an indirect control on the political party (Lasser, 2011). Political parties unlike interest groups, do not depend on the actual number of membership. This is attributed to the fact that a large segment of the population, does not identify itself with political parties. This makes it important for parties to focus on interest groups. This means that political parties are not confined with its members (Lasser, 2011). Both the political parties and interest groups, have different mechanisms of operation. The interaction in interest groupÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s leadership and membership is limited, and this means that the interest group is much concerned with advocating for the welfare of its members. Political parties on the other hand, have an organizational mechanism of collecting memberÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s agenda (Almold Powell, 2008). The political parties and interest groups have a great relationship. They share common goals, as they both engage in activities that focus on political clout. Although they remain different in their operation and mechanism, they both play a significant role in influencing policy development by the government either directly or indirectly (Lasser, 2011). Interest groups and their influence These groups concentrate on many aspects, so as to influence the congress and the president. The interest groups are known to concentrate on the monetary resources, through lobbying staffs, budgets and campaign contributions. There is a very complex relationship between politics and money. A large amount of money is known to be used to mobilize the agendas of interest groups (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). Interest groups influence campaigns, through contributions on policies and financings. On the other hand, interest groups are known to contribute to congress members, who are known to them. Interest groups also focus on having institutional gate-keeping positions, which are related to their interest. This ensures that the interest groups, maintain their influence over the congress (Wilson, 2011). Interest groups are made with a v iew of advancing the concerns of their members. The wealthy members of the society are believed to enjoy much access to the process of policymaking. The policy making process is a hard one, and all what interest groups seek to do, is exercise influence over those involved in the policy making process (Itkonen, 2009). Interest groups are known to facilitate communication of the needs, ideas and views of the citizens, to the president and congress. The political structure facilitates a good playing group for interest groups, to influence the policy making process. It always ensures that their interests are safeguarded (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). Interest groups are also participating in election activities. The interest groups are known to exercise certain techniques, like financing certain candidates. There are certain interest groups which conduct grassroots activities, with a view of influencing the policy making process (Itkonen, 2009). In order for them to influence the po licy making process, interest groups undertake to educate the members of the public, including the officials of the government and the congressmen. This assists the interest bodies, to influence how certain policies are developed. It is worth noting that an interest body may mobilize the members of the congress, to influence a policy that best suits their concern (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). Interest groups are known to mobilize the public. This tactic influences the policy making process (Itkonen, 2009). They are therefore motivated by the need to safeguard the interests of these masses, and they will go to the level of writing petitions to the president and contacting the policy makers in a bid to advance these objectives (Wilson, 2011). Owing to a large representation, they manage to lobby the congress as well as the president. The Trade Associations is composed of large segments of various professional bodies; often it takes position on various policy matters. Owing to the fact that its members have incentives to support its activities, it plays a significant role in influencing policy making. The economic interest groups are known to use professional mobilization, in demonstrating their role in policy making (Schemidt, Shelly, Bardes, 2010). Interest groups ensure that they work closely with government officials, and more so, by having legislators who represent their interests. They also engage professional legislators or members of congress, who have a close working relationship (Welch Thomas, 2011). This creates ideological links, thus creating a team structure. They ensure that they have several members within the congress, who advance and protect their interest in the development of policies. This creates an organization that manages to access both the congress and the White House. They still ensure that they manage congress supporters and leaders who undertake the legislations. These interest groups ensure that they have allies, both in the o ffice of the president and in the congress (Itkonen, 2009). Conclusion The interest groups play a critical role in the policy making process. The interest groups support the litigation and legislative writing, that seeks to influence political parties and more so, those in the congress and White House. The members of Senate play a key role in influencing the policy. They buy the opinions of the public, and use such opportunities to advance their concerns in the policy making process. Although not all interest groups promote the public good, some advance the interest of their members or their internal goals. This is justified by the much influence they have on the policy making institutions. It is clear that any political system is concerned with influencing policy. It is also clear that they actually influence policy, through their influence on the president and the congress. Interest groups are major actors in the government. They use the administrative agencies and the legislature , to advance their interest in policy making. In extreme cases, interest groups have used courts, to influence the congress and the president in advancing their interests. Although political parties and interest groups are distinct, they both have a significant influence in the policy making process. Interest groups have a significant influence on politics, and they use this influence to advance the interests of their members, by controlling the policy making process. References Almold, G. A., Powell, G. B. (2008). Corporative Politics Today: A World View. Washington, DC: Longman Publication. Itkonen, T. (2009). The Role of Special Education Interest Groups in National Policy. Washington, DC: Cambria Press. Lasser, W. (2011). Perspectives on American Politics. New York, NY: Cengage Learning Publication. Schemidt, W., Shelly, M., Bardes, B. A. (2010). American Government and Politics Today, 2010-2011. New York, NY: Cengage Publication. Welch, S., Thomas, S. (2011). Understanding A merican Government. New York, NY: Cengage Learning Publication. Wilson, J. Q. (2011). American Government: Brief Version. New York, NY: Cengage Learning Publication. 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